Typography Task 1 / Exercises 1 & 2

22/04/2024 - 24/05/2024, Week 1 - 5

Suzanne Heleen Libbers / 0372671

Typography / Bachelor of Design (Hons) in Creative Media / Taylor's University

Task 1 / Exercises 1 & 2

Table of contents:

LECTURES

Week 1:

Typo 0 Introduction

What is Typography?

It can also be animated into short videos or transformed into GIFs.
It involves the stylistic arrangement and visual presentation of letters, numbers, and symbols.
It is a core component in all areas of design.
It can be crafted using geometric shapes, various typefaces, and other font styles.
It encompasses the expression and organization of textual information.

Why is typography important?

It conveys designs clearly with appropriate aesthetics.
It impacts and improves a user's interaction with a website or when viewing designs.

The history of typography:

In the past, penmanship was highly emphasized as a measure of one's educational attainment.
It has developed and evolved from centuries of diverse calligraphic styles.

Week 2:

Typo 1 Development

In ancient times, writing involved using a sharpened stick to scratch marks into wet clay or a chisel to engrave words into stone. For nearly two thousand years, the only available letterforms were capital letters. The tools and materials used to create these uppercase letters evolved over time, but the letters primarily consisted of straight lines and segments of circles.

Figure 1: Evolution of Phoenician Letterform

The Phoenicians wrote their script from right to left. The Greeks developed a unique style called "boustrophedon," where the text was read alternately from left to right and then from right to left.

Figure 2: Ox Plow

Etruscan sculptors would paint the letterforms onto marble before carving them.

Figure 3: Etruscan carves working in marble

Typefaces emerged after the standardization of lettering by various individuals over the years.
These typefaces were then converted into digital formats.
Contemporary designs demand aesthetics and distinctive typeforms, making digitization essential for creative advertising.

Week 3:

Typo 3 Text P1

Kerning involves the automatic adjustment of space between letters. Letterspacing refers to adding space between letters. The process of adding or reducing space within a word or sentence is known as tracking.

Figure 4: Kerning and letterspacing

Flush left most closely resembles the natural flow of handwriting, with each line starting at the same point but ending where the last word of the line ends.

Centered text creates symmetry by balancing the text equally from the middle, giving equal importance to both ends of each line. It is best used for small amounts of text.

Flush right emphasizes the end of each line rather than the beginning. It is useful for captions and small blocks of text.

Justified text, like centered text, imposes a symmetrical shape by adjusting the spaces between words and occasionally between letters.

Week 4:

Typo 3 Text Part 2

There are several methods to mark paragraphs.

The 'pilcrow' (¶) symbol was traditionally used to denote paragraph breaks, though it is less common today than it was in medieval manuscripts.
Paragraphs can be separated by adding a line space (leading).
Another way to indicate the beginning of a paragraph is by indenting it. The size of the indentation should be proportionate to both the line spacing and the font size.
Long paragraphs can create large blocks of text. Choosing how to handle these paragraphs can be justified by practical or structural reasons.

Widows and Orphans: (gaffes that should never occur in design)

Widows: A short line of text left at the end of a column. The solution is to adjust the line breaks throughout the paragraphs to ensure the final line is not conspicuously short.
Orphans: A short line of text left at the beginning of a new column. This issue requires careful attention and adjustment.

Figure 5: Widow and Orphan

Highlighting Text

Changing the text color.
Applying italics.
Making the text bold.
Highlighting the text background.
Change typeface


Figure 6:	Highlighting text

Headlines within Text

Cross Alignment
Establishing an information hierarchy.
Clearly indicate headlines, sub-headlines, and sub-sub-headlines.
Arranging a series of subheads also creates a hierarchy.

Cross Alignment

Aligning headlines and captions with the main text enhances the page layout's structure.
Achieve cross-alignment by doubling the leading space of the headline or caption, especially when using a larger font size.

Week 5:

Typo 2 Basic

Median: The imaginary line that determines the x-height of letterforms.
Baseline: The imaginary line that marks the base of letterforms.
Apex/Vertex: The point where two diagonal stems meet.

Figure 7: Apex/Vertex

X-height: The height of the lowercase 'x' in any typeface.

Figure 8: X-height

Ascender: The part of a letter that extends above the x-height.

Figure 9: Ascender

Barb: The short, curved stroke at the end of a curved line, resembling a semi-serif.

Figure 10: Barb

Beak: The semi-serif finish of horizontal arms.

Figure 11: Break

Bowl: The rounded shape that encloses a counter.

Figure 12: Bowl

Bracket: The curved transition between the serif and the stem.

Figure 13: Bracket

Cross Bar: The horizontal stroke in a letterform that connects two stems.

Figure 14: Cross bar

Cross Stroke: The horizontal stroke that connects two parts of a letterform.

Figure 15: Cross Stroke

Crotch: The interior space where two strokes converge.

Figure 15: Crotch

Descender: The portion of a lowercase letterform's stem that extends below the baseline.

Figure 16: Descender

Ear: The small stroke that projects from the main stem or body of a letterform.

Figure 17: Ear

EM/EN: An 'en' is half the width of an 'em,' which traditionally refers to the width of an uppercase M. An 'em' represents a distance equal to the size of the typeface.

Figure 18: EM/EN

Ligature: A character formed by combining two or more letterforms.

Figure 19: Ligature

Stress: The orientation of a letterform, defined by the direction of the thin stroke in rounded forms.

Figure 20: Stress

Describing Typefaces

Roman: Uppercase style derived from Roman monument inscriptions.
Book: A softer stroke variation of the Roman style.
Boldface: A thicker stroke version compared to the Roman style.
Light: A much lighter stroke variation.
Condensed: A narrower version of the Roman style.
Extended: A wider version of the Roman style.

Figure 21: Different typefaces

Comparing Typefaces

Figure 22: Comparing Typefaces

INSTRUCTIONS

WORK

Week 1

Figure 23: Moodboard 4 words

Figure 24: Sketch break

Figure 25: Sketch sleep

Figure 26: Sketch jump

Figure 27: Sketch smile

Week 2:

Figure 28: Four digitized artworks

Week 3:

Figure 29: Animated type expression break

Figure 30: Animated type expression sleep

Figure 31: Animated type expression jump

Figure 32: Animated type expression smile

Week 4:

Figure 33: Text Formatting exercise 1 not edited

Figure 34: Text Formatting exercise 1 edited

Week 5:

FEEDBACK

Week 1:

With the word break, the design with scissors is not that useful because I don't change anything else about the word. With the word break it is best to choose the design where the break is completely through the word, I can do the most with this in the next assignment. With the word sleep, the word with the moon is the best because this is a very unique design and you can make a nice animation out of it. With the word jump it is best to choose the word where the tip of the j jumps. This is simple, but you can have a good use in the next assignment. With the word smile it is best to choose the word where the e is longer and you can make a smile from that

Week 2:

The feedback for this week is that I should not put the text of the font and the intention behind the word in the square but on the outside of the square. And my name still has to be on the side

Week 3:

For the word sleep I need a round font that can contain the moon. I couldn't find this font myself, but the teacher told me to look for lowercase letters and not uppercase letters.

Week 4:

With the word sleep it is nice to end up with a black image. And it was good that the word jump dents the ball, making it look like it bounced. With the word jump there is a movement in the word what shouldn't be there, so i have to fix that.

Week 5:

This week's feedback was about the assignment with your own name. With some words I have to reduce the space between the letters. There is a lot of space, especially between the L and I.

REFLECTIONS

Week 1:

This week I learned that you have to start all assignments on time. I learned how teams work in this subject. I also learned to use Blogger, I have never worked in this program before and at the beginning it was difficult to understand this program

Week 2:

A group app has been created and that is nice. I learned that you should always put text under an image. And I learned how to download the fonts and use them in Adobe.

Week 3:

I have never made an animation in Adobe before, I learned a lot from this and I also enjoyed doing it. Sometimes it didn't work and there was a movement in the animation that shouldn't have been there and I leard how te fix that.

Week 4:

In week 4 I learned how to adjust the space between words, how to quickly make words larger and smaller with easy tools.

Week 5:

With the text formatting I leard how te make the blue lines so that the sentences fall between them.

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Suzanne H Libbers 0372671

Typography Task 1 / Exercises 1 & 2

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